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Performance Review Best Practices

Principles

  1. No surprises — Reviews confirm ongoing feedback, not reveal new issues
  2. Specific over vague — "Great job" means nothing; examples mean everything
  3. Forward-looking — Focus on development, not just evaluation
  4. Fair and balanced — Everyone has strengths and growth areas
  5. Actionable — Growth areas come with guidance

Structure

Manager Writing for Employee

SUMMARY
[2-3 sentences: overall assessment, key contribution, development theme]

ACCOMPLISHMENTS
- [What they did] + [Impact/outcome] + [Why it mattered]
- ...

STRENGTHS
- [Strength] — [specific example of it in action]
- ...

AREAS FOR GROWTH
- [Area] — [specific observation] — [suggestion for development]
- ...

GOALS FOR NEXT PERIOD
- [Goal] — [how success will be measured]
- ...

Self-Assessment

ACCOMPLISHMENTS
- [What I did] + [quantified impact] + [what I learned]
- ...

CHALLENGES & LEARNINGS
- [What didn't go as planned] — [what I learned or changed]
- ...

GROWTH
- [Skills developed this period]
- [Feedback I incorporated]
- [Where I want to grow next]

GOALS
- [Specific, measurable goal for next period]
- ...

Writing Good Feedback

Strengths

Vague:

Sarah is a great team player.

Specific:

Sarah consistently unblocks teammates—she spent 10+ hours this quarter pair-programming with junior engineers, and both shipped their first features ahead of schedule as a result.

Growth Areas

Unhelpful:

John needs to communicate better.

Actionable:

John would benefit from sharing project updates more proactively. Consider sending weekly async updates to stakeholders, or flagging blockers in standup before they become escalations.

Impact Statements

Use the What + So What formula:

  • What: "Led migration to new payment provider"
  • So What: "...reducing transaction failures by 60% and saving $50K/month in fees"

Rating Calibration

If your company uses ratings, anchor them:

Rating Meaning Frequency
Exceeds Impact significantly above expectations ~15-20%
Meets Delivered what was expected ~70-75%
Below Did not meet key expectations ~10-15%

"Meets expectations" is a good rating—it means the person is doing their job well.

Common Mistakes

Recency Bias

Looking only at recent performance, not the full period.
Fix: Review notes throughout the period before writing.

Halo/Horn Effect

One characteristic colors the whole review.
Fix: Use a structured rubric covering multiple dimensions.

Vague Growth Areas

"Could improve communication" — which communication? With whom?
Fix: Every growth area needs a specific example and suggestion.

Sandwich Feedback

Hiding critical feedback between praise makes it easy to miss.
Fix: Be direct. Separate sections make this easier.

Comparing to Others

"Not as strong as Alex" isn't useful feedback.
Fix: Evaluate against role expectations, not colleagues.

Difficult Feedback

When delivering tough feedback:

  1. Lead with care — "I want to help you succeed, which is why I'm being direct about this"
  2. Be specific — Vague criticism is harder to hear and act on
  3. Focus on behavior, not character — "The deliverable was late" not "You're unreliable"
  4. Offer a path forward — "Here's what I'd like to see..."
  5. Check understanding — "Does this resonate? What questions do you have?"

Self-Assessment Tips

Don't Undersell

If you did it, own it. "I led the project" not "The team shipped the project."

Quantify Impact

  • Revenue/cost impact
  • Time saved
  • Quality improvements (fewer bugs, better NPS)
  • People supported or developed

Acknowledge Challenges

Honest self-reflection shows maturity. "The launch slipped two weeks because I underestimated testing complexity. I've since started building in more buffer for QA cycles."

Ask for What You Need

Use the self-assessment to flag:

  • Career goals and timeline
  • Skills you want to develop
  • Support or resources needed
  • Feedback you want from your manager